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Heterocentron subtriplinervium

(Link & Otto) A.Braun & C.D.Bouché (1853)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Rosids Order: Myrtales Family: Melastomataceae Genus: Heterocentron

pearl flower

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Erect, suffrutescent herbs or subshrubs.

Stems: Branches tetragonal, 1–2 m long, few branched.

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, decussate. Blades elliptic to ovate, 3–7(–9.5) cm long, 1.4–4 cm wide. Apex acute to rarely obtuse or rounded. Base of larger leaves acute to long-attenuate and decurrent on the petiole. Surfaces ± appressed–pubescent. Margins cilliate and red. Pinnately veined. Petioles 4–15(–21) mm long. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers bisexual (perfect). Hypanthium 3–4 mm long in flower, sparsely covered, with appressed or antrorsely spreading, barbellate hairs; fruiting hypanthium campanulate, 5–6 mm long, 4–6 mm wide, smooth to vaguely reticulate. Calyx lobes triangular, persistent, lobes 4–6 mm long in fruit, 2–3 mm wide at base, glabrous but tipped with a solitary hair. Corolla of 4 petals, white, pink, or magenta, 6.5–8 mm long, 5.5–7 mm wide. Stamens 8, markedly dimorphic; anthers with a solitary apical pore, connective of larger anthers prolonged ventrally at base of anthers and modified into a deeply bifid horizontal appendage at the filament insertion, connective of smaller anthers barely modified into a minute, bluntly 2-lobed appendage; anthers of larger Stamens usually 3.5–4.5 mm long, connective prolonged 2.5–3 mm with an appendage 1.5–3 mm long; anthers of smaller Stamens 2.5–3.5 mm long, connective prolonged ca. 0.25 mm. Ovary inferior, distinct, 4-celled, crowned by 4 scales; ovules numerous, placentation axile; style simple; stigma terminal.

Fruit: Capsules enclosed by the hypanthium. Seeds ca. 0.5 mm long; cochleate; surface tuberculate; endosperm absent.

Ploidy: 2n = 36

Habitat: Mesic to wet sites along roadsides and in other disturbed sites.

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Extirpated
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Linnaea 25: 299 (1853)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:909 (K, O, M, H); Staples & Herbst 2005:394 (KEY), 395 (DESCR); Neal s.n. BISH 58117 (O†, 1950)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Heterocentron subtriplinervium East Maui, along Hana Hwy., 5.3 mi from Hana Post Office (on Wailuku side) Associated w/ Panicum, Hedychium & Psidium overstory. Preserved_Specimen Scandant shrub. Ishikawa, S. 350 Maui BISH 1973-12-01
2 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Rd below Kokee Escaped from gardens, naturalized, roadside in edge of degraded forest. Preserved_Specimen Prostrate or reclining herb, petals rose pink. Fosberg, F.R. 59495 Kauai BISH 1980-03-02
3 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Hilo-Kona Road Seen wild in masses all along the rd. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 4-6 ft ht, flowers pink or white. Meebold, A. Hawaii BISH 1932-05-01
4 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Kilauea Volcano, near Park Headquarters Common in densely grassy waste ground. Preserved_Specimen Sparingly branched shrub or suffrutescent herb, to 0.7 m ht, flowers white with yellow stamens, panicles dull reddish. Fosberg, F.R. 47738 Hawaii BISH 1965-09-20
5 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Honolulu; Tantalus, on grounds of H. E. Davies In Koa zone. Preserved_Specimen Flowers abundant. Egler, F.E. 3722 Oahu BISH 1937-01-01
6 Heterocentron subtriplinervium 1 air mi S of Volcano House, along Hwy In rain forest. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 4 ft ht. Henrickson, J.S. 4090 Hawaii BISH 1969-08-06
7 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Kokee, Camp 10 Rd Garden at Plews residence. Preserved_Specimen Forms vegetative clumps 3-4 ft ht, pale pink flowers, no seedlings. Plews, J.H.R. Kauai BISH 1986-10-23
8 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Waimea, Kokee. Kauhau Ridge road just below Methodist Camp roadside Preserved_Specimen 7' sprawling shrub; leaves dark glossy green above with sunken veins, below dull green with raised pale green veins very faintly tinged bronze, petals four, pale lilac, fertile stamens four Flynn, T.W. 5654 Kauai BISH 1994-11-16
9 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Kokee, Halemanu Rd near the Hedychium planting Preserved_Specimen Shrub of 4 ft w/ erect branches, petals 4, pink, inflor & young branches reddish. Flynn, T.W. 964 Kauai BISH 1984-12-11
10 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Kilauea Volcano, near Park Headquarters Abundant in densely grassy waste ground. Preserved_Specimen Sparingly branched shrub or suffrutescent herb, to 1 m ht, flowers lavender pink, w/ pink stamens, panicle bright red. Fosberg, F.R. 47739 Hawaii BISH 1965-09-20
11 Heterocentron subtriplinervium N side of Stainback Hwy 5.5 mi above jct w/ Hwy 11 With roadside weeds bordering on wet Metrosideros-Cibotium forest. Preserved_Specimen Shrub, stems lax, ca 6 ft long, light brown, young stems & leaves reddish, corolla pink, staminal filaments dark pink. Weed. Herbst, D.R. 884 Hawaii BISH 1968-02-04
12 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Volcano In garden. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 31132 Hawaii BISH 1966-10-01
13 Heterocentron subtriplinervium East Maui, Some place betw Olinda & Hana Preserved_Specimen Topping, D.L. 8187 Maui BISH 1927-08-01
14 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Honolulu; 43 Coelho Way Preserved_Specimen Bush 6-6 ft ht, flowers white. Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1950-07-03
15 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Kokee, Kalalau Lookout Preserved_Specimen Shrubby, w/ erect foliose sharply 4-angled reddish stems, flowers pink petals. Stone, B.C. 3700 Kauai BISH 1961-08-08
16 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Waikakea Forest Reserve; Mamaki Road to Kulani Prison, 7 mi SW of State Route 11 Preserved_Specimen Herb; corollas pink. Miller, J.S. 7939 Hawaii BISH 1992-08-06
17 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Koolau Mountain Range: Honolulu: 43 Coelho Way Preserved_Specimen Shrub ca 5 ft ht, flowers white. Neal, M.C. Oahu BISH 1952-09-24
18 Heterocentron subtriplinervium East Maui, Hana Highway near Waione Bridge Preserved_Specimen A large planted patch but spreading vegetatively. Hobdy, R.W. 3857 Maui BISH 1995-07-18
19 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Kokee area, Waimea canyon rim, old Porter house location Acacia koa-Metrosideros With Xylosma hawaiiense, Elaeocarpus bifidus, Melicope clusiifolia, Melicope anisata, Dodonaea viscosa, Lantana camara Preserved_Specimen Shrub 2 meter ht with flowers Perlman, S. 22464 Kauai BISH 2011-03-15
20 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Lyon, H.L. Oahu BISH 1934-10-25
21 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Kilauea, Hawaii National Park, CCC Camp Preserved_Specimen Stone, B.C. 3043 Hawaii BISH 1959-08-01
22 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Honolulu; Burbank Rd, Robertsons' garden Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. 1178 Oahu BISH 1939-05-22
23 Heterocentron subtriplinervium East Maui Preserved_Specimen Bowen, A.S. Maui BISH 1951-01-01
24 Heterocentron subtriplinervium near Hilo Preserved_Specimen Yamayoshi, H. Hawaii BISH 1941-05-07
25 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Nakapehu On steep bank by road. Preserved_Specimen Sprawling, flowers magenta. St.John, H. 17971 Maui BISH 1937-01-03
26 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Near Volcano House By rd. Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. 949 Hawaii BISH 1937-09-01
27 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Kilauea Volcano, near Park Headquarters Common in densely grassy waste ground. Preserved_Specimen Sparingly branched shrub or suffrutescent herb, to 0.7 m ht, flowers white with yellow stamens, panicles dull reddish. Fosberg, F.R. 47738 Hawaii BISH 1965-09-20
28 Heterocentron subtriplinervium East Maui, Hana District, Paakea Gulch (or Kapaakea), along Hana Hwy Disturbed roadside. Preserved_Specimen Plants sprawling, stems up to 2 m long, corolla pink. Wagner, W.L. 5852 Maui BISH 1988-03-07
29 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Makawao District, immediately below Kula Lodge pasture, growing on fence. Preserved_Specimen Corolla white, 4-merous. Wagner, W.L. 5823 Maui BISH 1988-03-05
30 Heterocentron subtriplinervium Near Olaa Roadside. Preserved_Specimen Herb 7 dm ht, flowers white. Fosberg, F.R. 10066 Hawaii BISH 1933-08-27
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